Protecting women’s rights in India ensures equality, safety and empowerment by enabling them to pursue education, careers and personal goals, fostering a harmonious society and inclusive economic growth.India has made significant progress in protecting women’s rights through various laws and policies but gaps and challenges persist.

Protective laws and policies –

1. India’s Constitution guarantees women’s rights through Articles 14, 15, 21 and 23, ensuring equality.
2. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act (2005) safeguards women’s rights, providing legal recourse and protection.
3. The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act (2013) prevents and redresses workplace harassment.
4. Dowry Prohibition Act (1961) criminalizes giving or taking dowry practices.
5.  Maternity Benefit Act (1961) provides paid leave and benefits nationwide.
6. National Commission for Women protects and promotes women’s rights nationwide.

Gaps and challenges – 

1. Inadequate implementation and enforcement of women’s protection laws hinder justice, perpetuating gender based violence and inequality.
2. Rural and marginalized women face barriers to justice, including lack of awareness, accessibility and resources.
3. Patriarchal social norms, cultural traditions and stereotypes perpetuate gender based violence, silencing women’s voices and autonomy.
4. Women in informal sectors lack safeguarding, facing exploitation, harassment and minimal legal recourse available.
5. Restrictions on reproductive rights and safe abortion access endanger women’s health, autonomy and human rights.

Reforms needed – 

1. Strengthen law enforcement and judicial mechanisms. Increase funding for women’s welfare programs and schemes.
2. Promote education and awareness about women’s rights.
3. Address social and cultural norms through community engagement.
4. Expand protections for informal sector workers.
5. Enhance reproductive rights and access to healthcare.