Advancements in Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology, like Neuralink, hold transformative potential for social and global development by enabling direct communication between the human brain and external devices. BCIs can revolutionize healthcare by restoring mobility and communication in patients with paralysis or neurological disorders, enhancing quality of life and reducing healthcare costs. Beyond medical applications, BCIs can boost productivity and innovation by allowing seamless interaction with computers, potentially leading to new ways of learning and working. Societal implications include ethical concerns about privacy, data security, and potential socio-economic disparities in access to advanced technologies.

Rare earth elements are critical in numerous high-tech devices, including smartphones, electric vehicles, and renewable energy technologies. Their unique properties make them indispensable in modern electronics and green technologies. However, their extraction and processing pose environmental challenges and geopolitical tensions due to their limited supply and concentrated production in a few countries.

After completing a BSc in Biotechnology, one can pursue careers in research and development in pharmaceuticals, agricultural biotechnology, environmental conservation, and forensic science. Opportunities also exist in clinical research, bioinformatics, regulatory affairs, and patent law. Advanced studies can lead to specialized roles in academia or industry.

AI-driven traffic system management can significantly enhance urban mobility by optimizing traffic flow, reducing congestion, and lowering emissions. By leveraging real-time data and predictive analytics, AI systems can improve road safety and efficiency, leading to better resource allocation and urban planning. This technology supports sustainable development by promoting efficient transportation networks and reducing the urban carbon footprint