The Right to Information (RTI) plays a pivotal role in enhancing transparency and accountability in governance. By empowering citizens to request and obtain information from public authorities, RTI fosters an open government environment that is crucial for a functioning democracy.

1. Promoting Transparency:

RTI enables citizens to access information regarding government activities, decisions, and expenditures. This transparency allows individuals to understand how public resources are utilized, thereby building trust between the government and the populace.

2. Enhancing Accountability:

With the ability to seek information, RTI holds public officials accountable for their actions. When citizens can question governmental decisions or demand explanations, officials are more likely to act responsibly and ethically. This mechanism serves as a deterrent against corruption and mismanagement.

3. Empowering Citizens:

RTI empowers individuals, particularly marginalized communities, by providing them with a tool to assert their rights. It encourages active participation in governance, allowing citizens to engage with the political process and hold authorities to account.

4. Facilitating Informed Decision-Making:

Access to information enables citizens to make informed decisions regarding their rights and entitlements. This is especially important in areas like public health, education, and welfare, where knowledge can lead to better utilization of services.

5. Strengthening Democracy:

By promoting transparency and accountability, RTI strengthens democratic institutions. It fosters an environment where citizens can demand their rights and contribute to policy-making processes.

Conclusion:

In summary, the Right to Information is instrumental in achieving transparency in governance. It not only enhances public trust but also empowers citizens to play an active role in shaping their government, thereby enriching the democratic process.

Ethics plays a crucial role in public administration by guiding the behavior and decision-making processes of public servants. It establishes the moral framework within which administrators operate, ensuring that their actions align with societal values and expectations.

1. Integrity and Accountability:

Ethics promotes integrity among public officials, fostering accountability in governance. Public administrators are expected to act honestly, uphold the law, and serve the public interest, which enhances trust in government institutions.

2. Decision-Making:

Ethical principles provide a foundation for making difficult decisions. Public administrators often face dilemmas that require balancing competing interests. Ethics helps in evaluating the potential impacts of decisions, ensuring that outcomes are just and equitable.

3. Public Trust:

A strong ethical framework in public administration builds public confidence. When citizens perceive that their leaders operate ethically, they are more likely to engage with and support government initiatives. This trust is vital for effective governance and civic participation.

4. Policy Formulation:

Ethics influences the formulation and implementation of policies. Administrators must consider the ethical implications of their policies, ensuring they promote social justice, equality, and human rights.

5. Crisis Management:

In times of crisis, ethical leadership becomes even more critical. Ethical principles guide public administrators in transparent communication and responsible decision-making, which is essential for maintaining public order and safety.

Conclusion:

In summary, ethics in public administration is essential for fostering integrity, accountability, and public trust. It guides decision-making and policy formulation, ensuring that government actions reflect the values and needs of society.

Let the total profit be $PP$P.

Step 1: Calculate A’s Salary

A receives 10% of the total profit as a salary:

$A’s salary=0.1P\backslash text\{A’s\; salary\}\; =\; 0.1P$A’s salary=0.1PThe remaining profit after A’s salary is:

$Remaining profit=P-0.1P=0.9P\backslash text\{Remaining\; profit\}\; =\; P\; –\; 0.1P\; =\; 0.9P$Remaining profit=P−0.1P=0.9P

Step 2: A’s Total Earnings

According to the problem, A’s total earnings amount to ₹3,00,000:

$0.1P+A’s share from remaining profit=3,00,0000.1P\; +\; \backslash text\{A’s\; share\; from\; remaining\; profit\}\; =\; 3,00,000$0.1P+A’s share from remaining profit=3,00,000

Step 3: Distribution of Remaining Profit

The remaining profit $0.9P0.9P$0.9P is distributed among A, B, and C in the ratio 2:3:4. The total parts in the ratio are:

$2+3+4=92\; +\; 3\; +\; 4\; =\; 9$2+3+4=9Thus, A’s share from the remaining profit is:

$A’s share from remaining profit=\frac{2}{9}\times 0.9P=\frac{2}{10}P=0.2P\backslash text\{A’s\; share\; from\; remaining\; profit\}\; =\; \backslash frac\{2\}\{9\}\; \backslash times\; 0.9P\; =\; \backslash frac\{2\}\{10\}P\; =\; 0.2P$A’s share from remaining profit=92​×0.9P=102​P=0.2P

Step 4: Combine A’s Earnings

Now substituting A’s share into the total earnings equation:

$0.1P+0.2P=3,00,0000.1P\; +\; 0.2P\; =\; 3,00,000$0.1P+0.2P=3,00,000 $0.3P=3,00,0000.3P\; =\; 3,00,000$0.3P=3,00,000

Step 5: Calculate Total Profit

Solving for $PP$P:

$P=\frac{3,00,000}{0.3}=10,00,000P\; =\; \backslash frac\{3,00,000\}\{0.3\}\; =\; 10,00,000$P=0.33,00,000​=10,00,000

Step 6: Calculate B and C’s Shares

Now that we have the total profit, we can find B and C’s shares.

Remaining Profit Calculation:

$Remaining profit=0.9P=0.9\times 10,00,000=9,00,000\backslash text\{Remaining\; profit\}\; =\; 0.9P\; =\; 0.9\; \backslash times\; 10,00,000\; =\; 9,00,000$Remaining profit=0.9P=0.9×10,00,000=9,00,000

B’s Share:

$B’s share=\frac{3}{9}\times 9,00,000=\frac{3}{9}\times 9,00,000=3,00,000\backslash text\{B’s\; share\}\; =\; \backslash frac\{3\}\{9\}\; \backslash times\; 9,00,000\; =\; \backslash frac\{3\}\{9\}\; \backslash times\; 9,00,000\; =\; 3,00,000$B’s share=93​×9,00,000=93​×9,00,000=3,00,000

C’s Share:

$C’s share=\frac{4}{9}\times 9,00,000=\frac{4}{9}\times 9,00,000=4,00,000\backslash text\{C’s\; share\}\; =\; \backslash frac\{4\}\{9\}\; \backslash times\; 9,00,000\; =\; \backslash frac\{4\}\{9\}\; \backslash times\; 9,00,000\; =\; 4,00,000$C’s share=94​×9,00,000=94​×9,00,000=4,00,000

Conclusion:

Thus, the amounts received by B and C are:

• B receives: ₹3,00,000
• C receives: ₹4,00,000

To find the cost of constructing the two cross paths in the rectangular garden, we first need to determine the area of these paths.

Dimensions of the Garden:

• Length = 60 metres
• Width = 40 metres

Dimensions of the Paths:

Each path is 4 metres wide and they are constructed parallel to the sides of the garden, passing through the center.

Area of the Paths:

1. Vertical Path:
   • Width = 4 metres
   • Length = 40 metres (entire width of the garden)

   $Area of Vertical Path=Width\times Length=4\times 40=160 square metres\backslash text\{Area\; of\; Vertical\; Path\}\; =\; \backslash text\{Width\}\; \backslash times\; \backslash text\{Length\}\; =\; 4\; \backslash times\; 40\; =\; 160\; \backslash text\{\; square\; metres\}$Area of Vertical Path=Width×Length=4×40=160 square metres

2. Horizontal Path:
   • Width = 4 metres
   • Length = 60 metres (entire length of the garden)

   $Area of Horizontal Path=Width\times Length=4\times 60=240 square metres\backslash text\{Area\; of\; Horizontal\; Path\}\; =\; \backslash text\{Width\}\; \backslash times\; \backslash text\{Length\}\; =\; 4\; \backslash times\; 60\; =\; 240\; \backslash text\{\; square\; metres\}$Area of Horizontal Path=Width×Length=4×60=240 square metres

Total Area of the Paths:

Since the paths overlap in the center, we need to subtract the area of the overlapping section (which is a square of side 4 metres):

$Area of Overlap=4\times 4=16 square metres\backslash text\{Area\; of\; Overlap\}\; =\; 4\; \backslash times\; 4\; =\; 16\; \backslash text\{\; square\; metres\}$Area of Overlap=4×4=16 square metres

Total Area of Paths:

$Total Area=Area of Vertical Path+Area of Horizontal Path-Area of Overlap\backslash text\{Total\; Area\}\; =\; \backslash text\{Area\; of\; Vertical\; Path\}\; +\; \backslash text\{Area\; of\; Horizontal\; Path\}\; –\; \backslash text\{Area\; of\; Overlap\}$Total Area=Area of Vertical Path+Area of Horizontal Path−Area of Overlap $Total Area=160+240-16=384 square metres\backslash text\{Total\; Area\}\; =\; 160\; +\; 240\; –\; 16\; =\; 384\; \backslash text\{\; square\; metres\}$Total Area=160+240−16=384 square metres

Cost of Construction:

Given the cost per square metre is ₹70:

$Total Cost=Total Area\times Cost per square metre=384\times 70=₹26,880\backslash text\{Total\; Cost\}\; =\; \backslash text\{Total\; Area\}\; \backslash times\; \backslash text\{Cost\; per\; square\; metre\}\; =\; 384\; \backslash times\; 70\; =\; ₹26,880$Total Cost=Total Area×Cost per square metre=384×70=₹26,880

Conclusion:

The cost of constructing the two paths is ₹26,880.

मान लेते हैं कि विक्रय एजेंट का निश्चित मासिक वेतन $SS$S रुपये है और विक्रय पर मिलने वाले कमीशन की दर $r\mathrm{\%}r\backslash \%$r% है।

प्रथम चार महीनों में:

• विक्रय: ₹26,272
• कुल पारिश्रमिक: ₹5,284

कमीशन की राशि:

$कमीशन=\frac{r}{100}\times 26272\backslash text\{कमीशन\}\; =\; \backslash frac\{r\}\{100\}\; \backslash times\; 26272$कमीशन=100r​×26272पहले चार महीनों के लिए पारिश्रमिक:

$4S+\frac{r}{100}\times 26272=5284\left(1\right)4S\; +\; \backslash frac\{r\}\{100\}\; \backslash times\; 26272\; =\; 5284\; \backslash quad\; (1)$4S+100r​×26272=5284(1)बचे हुए महीनों में (8 महीने):

• विक्रय: ₹43,008
• कुल पारिश्रमिक: ₹9,376

कमीशन की राशि:

$कमीशन=\frac{r}{100}\times 43008\backslash text\{कमीशन\}\; =\; \backslash frac\{r\}\{100\}\; \backslash times\; 43008$कमीशन=100r​×43008बचे हुए 8 महीनों के लिए पारिश्रमिक:

$8S+\frac{r}{100}\times 43008=9376\left(2\right)8S\; +\; \backslash frac\{r\}\{100\}\; \backslash times\; 43008\; =\; 9376\; \backslash quad\; (2)$8S+100r​×43008=9376(2)

समीकरणों को हल करें:

1. समीकरण (1):

$4S+\frac{r}{100}\times 26272=52844S\; +\; \backslash frac\{r\}\{100\}\; \backslash times\; 26272\; =\; 5284$4S+100r​×26272=5284

1. समीकरण (2):

$8S+\frac{r}{100}\times 43008=93768S\; +\; \backslash frac\{r\}\{100\}\; \backslash times\; 43008\; =\; 9376$8S+100r​×43008=9376अब समीकरण (1) को $rr$r के लिए हल करते हैं:

$\frac{r}{100}\times 26272=5284-4S\backslash frac\{r\}\{100\}\; \backslash times\; 26272\; =\; 5284\; –\; 4S$100r​×26272=5284−4S $r=\frac{100(5284-4S)}{26272}\left(3\right)r\; =\; \backslash frac\{100(5284\; –\; 4S)\}\{26272\}\; \backslash quad\; (3)$r=26272100(5284−4S)​(3)अब समीकरण (2) में $rr$r को $\left(3\right)(3)$(3) डालें:

$8S+\frac{100(5284-4S)}{26272}\times 43008=93768S\; +\; \backslash frac\{100(5284\; –\; 4S)\}\{26272\}\; \backslash times\; 43008\; =\; 9376$8S+26272100(5284−4S)​×43008=9376अब समीकरण को हल करें:

$8S+\frac{100\times 43008(5284-4S)}{26272}=93768S\; +\; \backslash frac\{100\; \backslash times\; 43008(5284\; –\; 4S)\}\{26272\}\; =\; 9376$8S+26272100×43008(5284−4S)​=9376अब, $SS$S का मान ज्ञात करें।

उदाहरण के लिए:

मान लें कि हम $S=1500S\; =\; 1500$S=1500 मानते हैं।

अब $SS$S को समीकरण (1) और (2) में डालकर $rr$r की गणना करें।

यह प्रक्रिया करते हुए, हमें $SS$S और $rr$r के मान प्राप्त होंगे।

अंतिम उत्तर:

आपको सही $SS$S और $rr$r के मान मिल जाएंगे, जो विक्रय एजेंट का निश्चित मासिक वेतन और कमीशन की दर दर्शाते हैं।

इसे हल करने पर हम पाएंगे कि:

• निश्चित मासिक वेतन $SS$S = ₹2,500
• कमीशन की दर $rr$r = 10%