Que. Describe the various changes made in the Constitution by the 42nd and 44th Constitutional Amendment Acts. 250w
Numerous articles proposed to boost and ensure girls and minors are granted permission under the Indian Constitution. These paragraphs safeguard their rights and advance their prosperity. The following are a few noticeable points: Right to Equality (Article 14): It guarantees that babies and women hRead more
Numerous articles proposed to boost and ensure girls and minors are granted permission under the Indian Constitution. These paragraphs safeguard their rights and advance their prosperity. The following are a few noticeable points:
Right to Equality (Article 14): It guarantees that babies and women have unchanging permissible rights.
Prohibition of Discrimination (Article 15): It is illegitimate to fool girls and juveniles on the footing of their race, myth, social class, sexuality, or place of beginning. Women and infants were granted permission to catch bias from the United States of America.
Equal potential (Article 16): This guarantees that all crowds, containing wives, have an equal approach to task potential.
Right to Education (Article 21A): All toddlers between six and fourteen are labeled to free and binding instruction.
Protection Against Exploitation (Article 23): Outlaws forced work, containing offspring labor, and human dealing.
Prohibition of Child Labor (Article 24): Under 14-period-olds are not within the allowed limits to introduce mines, laboratories, or additional hazardous tasks.
Promotion of Interests (Article 39): The State is necessary to confirm that minors’s sensitive age and the fitness and substance of laborers, either male or female, are not harmed. Equal rectification for equal work is another of Allure’s main aims for two together people of a community.
Maternity Relief (Article 42): The State concedes the possibility deal with the supply of a period of being pregnant with child remedy as well as fair and appropriate occupied environments.
Fundamental Duties (Article 51A): It is the blame of villagers to give up conduct that belittles the value of mothers and to specify juveniles’ approach to instruction.
Together, these constitutional provisions safeguard daughters’s and teenagers’s rights, advancing their progress and happiness in India.
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The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 brought various comprehensive changes in the constitution of India and therefore is also known as the "mini constitution" of India. The key changes brought by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976 includes- 1) The words 'socialist', 'secular' and 'integrity' were added to the PRead more
The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 brought various comprehensive changes in the constitution of India and therefore is also known as the “mini constitution” of India.
See lessThe key changes brought by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976 includes-
1) The words ‘socialist’, ‘secular’ and ‘integrity’ were added to the Preamble.
2) It introduced Fundamental Duties (Article 51A) in part IV-A of the constitution.
3) The scope of Directive Principles of State Policy was widened.
4) The power of Judicial Review within the Supreme court and High courts were restricted.
5) Article 368 was amended, courts were no longer allowed to challenge the constitutionality of amendments.
6) Emergency provisions were altered and the President’s powers to declare and extend emergencies were broadened.
7) ‘Concurrent list’ was introduced and various subjects of the State list were shifted to concurrent list.
8)This amendment provided reservation to SC’s and ST’s in legislative bodies.
9) Provision was added for the creation of an administrative tribunal in relation to public services.
10) The tenure of lok sabha and state legislative assemblies increased from 5 to 6 years.
To nullify various provisions of 42nd Amendment Act, the 44th Amendment Act of 1978 was enacted which brought the following changes-
1) It restored the importance of Fundamental Rights.
2) The power of Judicial Review was restored.
3) It declared the grounds for emergencies (Article352) i.e. war, external aggression or armed rebellion.
4) Check on the president’s power during the emergency was revived.
5) Right to property was removed as a fundamental right and was made a legal right.
6) It also removed censorship from the media to report activities of parliament.