Answer :

Climate change is accelerating the melting of India’s Himalayan glaciers, profoundly affecting downstream water resources, agriculture, and hydroelectric power generation. Initially, increased glacial melt boosts river flow, but long-term shrinkage reduces water availability, leading to shortages, especially during dry seasons. This decline in water flow impacts irrigation, threatening crop yields and food security, and forcing farmers to shift to less water-intensive crops.

Hydropower generation relies on consistent water flow from glacial melt. Fluctuations can reduce power output and threaten energy security. Additionally, increased melt can create glacial lakes, which pose a risk of catastrophic floods if they burst, potentially damaging downstream infrastructure, including hydropower plants.

Broader impacts include disrupted aquatic ecosystems, economic hardship for communities reliant on agriculture and hydropower, and increased conflicts over scarce water resources. Addressing these challenges requires sustainable water management, climate-resilient farming, and investment in alternative energy sources to mitigate risks and support those dependent on these crucial resources.