India’s Net Zero Carbon Emission Target

At the COP-26 conference in 2021, India committed to achieving net zero carbon emissions by 2070.

Key Details

1. Net Zero by 2070

• Description: India aims to balance carbon emissions with carbon removal by 2070.
• Illustration: This means cutting emissions and using methods like tree planting to offset any remaining emissions.

2. Intermediate Goals

• Description: India set milestones to reduce emissions intensity by 2030 and increase renewable energy use.
• Illustration: These steps will help India transition gradually towards its net zero target.

India’s commitment is a significant step toward tackling climate change and promoting sustainable growth.

Traditional Systems of Health Care in the Ministry of AYUSH

The Government of India established the Ministry of AYUSH to promote traditional health systems. AYUSH includes:

1. Ayurveda

• Description: Focuses on holistic healing with herbal treatments and lifestyle practices.
• Illustration: Commonly used for digestive and immunity-boosting remedies.

2. Yoga & Naturopathy

• Description: Uses physical postures and natural therapies for mental and physical wellness.
• Illustration: Yoga practices, like meditation, improve mental health.

3. Unani

• Description: Originating in ancient Greece, Unani medicine treats imbalances in body fluids.
• Illustration: Herbal remedies for fevers and inflammation.

4. Siddha

• Description: A South Indian practice focusing on body, mind, and spirit balance.
• Illustration: Uses herbs and minerals for healing.

5. Homeopathy

• Description: A system using diluted substances to stimulate the body’s healing.
• Illustration: Commonly used for allergies and minor ailments.

Uses, Advantages, and Limitations of GPS

Geographical Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system that provides accurate location information. Commonly used in smartphones, cars, and various industries, GPS has transformed navigation and location-based services.

Uses of GPS

• Navigation: Guides users in real-time to their destination.
• Emergency Services: Locates individuals for rescue operations.
• Tracking: Used in fleet management and wildlife tracking.

Advantages

• Global Coverage: GPS functions worldwide, ensuring consistent location access.
• High Accuracy: Provides precise location data down to a few meters.
• Weather Independence: Works well regardless of weather conditions.

Limitations

• Signal Blockage: GPS signals may weaken or fail indoors or in dense urban areas.
• Battery Drain: Continuous GPS usage consumes significant battery power.
• Privacy Concerns: Constant tracking raises privacy and security issues.

GPS has proven essential in modern navigation and tracking, though it faces limitations in urban environments and battery usage.

Sir C.V. Raman’s Significant Contribution to Physics

Sir C.V. Raman, an eminent Indian physicist, made groundbreaking contributions through his discovery of the Raman Effect. This phenomenon describes how light scatters when it passes through a material, causing changes in the light’s wavelength.

Key Points

• Raman Effect:
  • Observed changes in light when it interacts with a material’s molecules.
  • Led to deeper understanding of molecular structure and interactions.
• Nobel Prize:
  • In 1930, he received the Nobel Prize in Physics, making him the first Asian to achieve this honor in science.

Importance

• Raman’s discovery has practical applications in chemistry, medicine, and material science, enhancing techniques like Raman spectroscopy to identify chemical compositions. His work continues to impact scientific fields globally.

Main Objectives of Economic Planning in India

Economic planning in India aims to achieve sustainable growth and improve the quality of life for its citizens. Here are the key objectives:

1. Economic Growth

• Goal: Increase the national income and GDP.
• Illustration: Investments in infrastructure like roads and railways boost production and create jobs.

2. Employment Generation

• Goal: Reduce unemployment rates.
• Illustration: Skill development programs help youth find jobs in various sectors.

3. Poverty Alleviation

• Goal: Improve living standards and reduce poverty.
• Illustration: Schemes like MGNREGA provide financial support to rural households.

4. Equity and Social Justice

• Goal: Ensure fair distribution of resources.
• Illustration: Reservation policies help marginalized communities gain access to education and employment.

5. Regional Development

• Goal: Balance development across different regions.
• Illustration: Special economic zones in underdeveloped areas promote industrial growth.

These objectives work together to promote a stable and prosperous economy for all citizens.