Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction to MSPs Begin by defining Minimum Support Price (MSP) as a price support mechanism designed to ensure farmers get a guaranteed price and assured market for their produce. Explain the purpose of MSP: to protect farmers from ...
Model Answer Gaps in Ensuring a Safe and Secure Railway Network in India India's railway network has seen efforts to improve safety and security, such as the establishment of the Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh and track modernisation. However, significant gaps remain in creating a fully safe and secuRead more
Model Answer
Gaps in Ensuring a Safe and Secure Railway Network in India
India’s railway network has seen efforts to improve safety and security, such as the establishment of the Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh and track modernisation. However, significant gaps remain in creating a fully safe and secure railway network.
1. Lack of Coordination
One of the major issues is the lack of coordination between the Railway Board and Zonal Railways, which has led to a shortage of resources. For instance, over 3.30 lakh wagons were operated without the necessary approvals after repairs, jeopardizing rail safety Backlogs and Delays The Indian railway system also faces considerable backlogs. Reports suggest that about 1.5 lakh railway bridges need urgent attention. Additionally, the replacement and renewal of outdated assets, which are vital for safe operations, are significantly delayed .
3. Rial Constraints
Due to heavy reliance on government budgetary allocations and a high operating ratio (107% in 2021-22), the railways face financial constraints. These limitations hinder investments in modernisation and safety infrastructure .
4. Inadety Systems
The lack of modern safety systems like fire detection systems and poor maintenance of tracks, particularly in regions with extreme weather, increases the vulnerability of the railway network. This compromises passenger and operational safety .
Internal Security
5. **Increase in Crrise in criminal activities, such as stone pelting and robberies, also poses a security threat. Over 1,500 incidents of stone pelting were reported in 2022, and robberies have also increased, further endangering passengers .
6. Human Errors
Human ern one of the leading causes of railway accidents, including mechanical faults, poor track maintenance, and even infrastructure failures .
Measures Needed
To address these gapsch as the modernisation of infrastructure, better internal resource mobilisation, increased R&D, and the creation of a Rail Safety Authority are crucial. Additionally, setting up State-Level Security Committees and enhancing employee training on safety can help mitigate human errors .
The implementation of these measures will be key tg a secure and efficient railway network in India, with a focus on reducing accidents and fatalities.
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Model Answer Minimum Support Prices (MSPs) are set twice a year based on the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) and are approved by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs. The CACP considers the following costs when recommending MSPs: A2 Costs: These coverRead more
Model Answer
Minimum Support Prices (MSPs) are set twice a year based on the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) and are approved by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs. The CACP considers the following costs when recommending MSPs:
CACP uses both A2+FL and C2 costs while recommending MSPs, although primarily A2+FL is considered when determining the minimum price for farmers. C2 costs are used to benchmark MSP recommendations to ensure that at least these costs are covered in major producing states.
Challenges with the MSP Regime
To address these issues, India needs to diversify its procurement system, adopt better area planning, and consider legalizing MSPs to make it more inclusive and sustainable.
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