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Assess the structure, powers, and functions of the National Human Rights Commission of India. Analyze the Commission's role in investigating human rights violations, providing remedies to the aggrieved, and promoting a culture of respect for fundamental rights.
The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) of India, established in 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Act, comprises a Chairperson (typically a retired Chief Justice of India), members with judicial and human rights expertise, and ex-officio members from various national commissions. The NHRead more
The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) of India, established in 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Act, comprises a Chairperson (typically a retired Chief Justice of India), members with judicial and human rights expertise, and ex-officio members from various national commissions.
The NHRC has the authority to investigate human rights violations suo motu or based on petitions. It can summon individuals, request documents, and inspect state institutions like jails to ensure human rights compliance. The NHRC also conducts inquiries and recommends actions to governmental authorities.
Its functions include inquiring into complaints of human rights violations, intervening in court proceedings involving human rights abuses, reviewing constitutional and legal safeguards, and studying international human rights treaties. It also promotes research and awareness on human rights issues.
The NHRC acts as a watchdog, investigating human rights violations and providing remedies through recommendations for prosecution, compensation, and systemic reforms. It fosters a culture of respect for fundamental rights through public education campaigns and collaborations with civil society organizations. Despite its efforts, challenges such as limited enforcement powers and bureaucratic constraints affect the NHRC’s effectiveness in ensuring comprehensive human rights protection.
See lessDiscuss the structure, powers, and functions of the National Green Tribunal (NGT). Assess the NGT's role in providing effective and expeditious redressal of environmental disputes and enforcing environmental laws and regulations.
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) of India was established in 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010. It is a specialized body equipped with the necessary expertise to handle environmental disputes involving multi-disciplinary issues. The NGT is composed of a Chairperson, judicial members,Read more
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) of India was established in 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010. It is a specialized body equipped with the necessary expertise to handle environmental disputes involving multi-disciplinary issues. The NGT is composed of a Chairperson, judicial members, and expert members who collectively bring legal and scientific expertise to adjudicate cases.
The powers of the NGT include issuing orders, providing relief, and awarding compensation for damages to persons and property. It also has the authority to enforce environmental laws and regulations and can take suo motu (on its own motion) actions based on media reports or public grievances.
The functions of the NGT involve adjudicating substantial environmental issues and resolving disputes involving environmental protection, conservation of forests, and other natural resources. It ensures the enforcement of legal rights relating to the environment and provides a mechanism for the quick disposal of cases.
The NGT plays a crucial role in expeditious and effective redressal of environmental disputes. It acts as a watchdog, ensuring compliance with environmental regulations and holding violators accountable. By offering a dedicated forum for environmental litigation, the NGT has significantly contributed to the advancement of environmental justice in India, though challenges in implementation and compliance remain.
See lessExamine the provisions for the regulation of election campaign activities in India. Discuss the guidelines and restrictions on the use of public resources, the conduct of rallies and meetings, and the dissemination of campaign materials. Evaluate the effectiveness of these measures in creating a level playing field for all candidates.
In India, the Election Commission (EC) regulates election campaign activities to ensure fair play. Public resources, such as government vehicles and officials, cannot be used for campaign purposes. The Model Code of Conduct restricts the announcement of new projects or policies that could influenceRead more
In India, the Election Commission (EC) regulates election campaign activities to ensure fair play. Public resources, such as government vehicles and officials, cannot be used for campaign purposes. The Model Code of Conduct restricts the announcement of new projects or policies that could influence voters. Rallies and public meetings require prior permission, and guidelines are set for their conduct to avoid disruption. The EC also oversees the dissemination of campaign materials, including restrictions on paid news and social media.
These measures aim to create a level playing field by curbing the misuse of power and resources by incumbents. However, their effectiveness can be variable. While they provide a framework for fair competition, enforcement challenges and loopholes can undermine their impact. Continuous vigilance and timely intervention by the EC are crucial to maintaining electoral integrity.
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