During the Gupta period (circa 4th to 6th century CE), temple architecture in India witnessed significant developments that laid the foundation for future styles and structures. The Gupta dynasty, known for its patronage of art, literature, and architecture, fostered a period of cultural renaissance that influenced architectural styles across the Indian subcontinent.

One of the notable features of Gupta temple architecture was the evolution from rock-cut temples to structural temples built with stone and brick. Earlier, during the Maurya and Shunga periods, rock-cut caves such as those at Ajanta and Ellora were prominent. However, under the Guptas, there was a shift towards building temples above ground, showcasing intricate craftsmanship and architectural finesse.

The Gupta temples typically followed a square or rectangular layout, with an emphasis on symmetry and proportion. They often featured a sanctum (garbhagriha) where the main deity was housed, surrounded by a pillared hall (mandapa) leading to a porch (ardhamandapa). The exteriors were adorned with intricate carvings of deities, mythical creatures, and floral motifs, showcasing the mastery of Gupta artisans in stone sculpture.

Key examples of Gupta temple architecture include the Dashavatara Temple at Deogarh, Uttar Pradesh, and the Parvati Temple at Nachna-Kuthara, Madhya Pradesh. These temples exemplify the Gupta style characterized by simplicity, elegance, and structural stability, setting the stage for further developments in Indian temple architecture in subsequent centuries.