How does space weather impact Earth’s technology and what measures are taken to mitigate its effects?
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Space weather disrupts Earth’s technology in a few key ways. Solar flares and eruptions can:
Zap Power Grids: Intense bursts of energy can induce currents in long power lines, causing blackouts like the one in Quebec in 1989.
Scramble Satellites: Energetic particles can fry electronics on spacecraft, disrupting communication, GPS, and navigation.
Mess with Radio Waves: Radiation can disrupt radio signals used for aviation, emergency services, and even cell phones.
To fight back, we:
Track the Sun: Scientists monitor the Sun for activity, issuing warnings to allow power grids and satellite operators to take precautions.
Shield Our Stuff: Satellites are increasingly hardened with shielding to resist particle blasts. Grids can implement automatic switches to reroute power during surges.
Plan Ahead: Critical infrastructure can have backup systems or be designed to be more resilient to space weather events.