Here are some importance of HTTPS(HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure) :

1. Data Security: HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure) encrypts data exchanged between a user’s browser and a website. This encryption ensures that sensitive information, such as login credentials, credit card details, and personal data, is protected from eavesdroppers and hackers.
2. Data Integrity: HTTPS ensures data integrity by preventing data from being altered during transmission. This means that users can trust that the information they send and receive has not been tampered with or corrupted.
3. Authentication: HTTPS verifies the authenticity of a website. When users visit a site with HTTPS, they can be confident that they are communicating with the intended website and not an imposter. This helps prevent phishing attacks and man-in-the-middle attacks.
4. Trust and SEO Benefits: Websites using HTTPS are more likely to be trusted by users, which can lead to higher engagement and conversion rates. Additionally, search engines like Google prioritize HTTPS sites in search rankings, improving visibility and potentially driving more traffic to the site.

How HTTPS Works to Secure Web Communications

1. SSL/TLS Protocol: HTTPS relies on the SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) or TLS (Transport Layer Security) protocol to establish a secure connection. These protocols use encryption algorithms to protect data transmitted over the internet.
2. Encryption: When a user connects to an HTTPS website, their browser and the server perform a handshake to establish a secure connection. During this handshake, they exchange cryptographic keys, which are used to encrypt and decrypt data. This encryption ensures that any data exchanged is readable only by the intended parties.
3. Digital Certificates: Websites using HTTPS must obtain a digital certificate from a trusted Certificate Authority (CA). This certificate contains the website’s public key and is used to verify the site’s identity. When a user visits an HTTPS site, their browser checks the validity of the digital certificate to ensure it is legitimate.
4. Public and Private Keys: HTTPS uses a pair of cryptographic keys: a public key and a private key. The public key is included in the digital certificate and shared with users, while the private key is kept secret by the website. Data encrypted with the public key can only be decrypted by the corresponding private key, ensuring secure communication.
5. Session Keys: Once the secure connection is established, the browser and server generate a session key for encrypting data during the session. This key is used for symmetric encryption, which is faster than asymmetric encryption. The session key is discarded after the session ends, ensuring forward secrecy.