In France before the French Revolution, the main social categories or estates that people were divided into were:

1. The First Estate – The Clergy:
   • This estate consisted of the high-ranking members of the Catholic Church, including bishops, archbishops, and the clergy.
   • They held significant political power and influence, as well as substantial land and wealth.
2. The Second Estate – The Nobility:
   • This estate included the aristocracy, such as dukes, counts, marquises, and barons.
   • They held many privileges, including exemptions from paying certain taxes, and had significant political and social influence.
3. The Third Estate – The Commoners:
   • This estate comprised the majority of the French population, including peasants, urban workers, merchants, and professionals (such as lawyers and doctors).
   • They had little political power and were required to pay most of the taxes.

These three distinct social categories, known as the Estates-General, formed the basis of the political and social structure in France before the French Revolution.

The unequal distribution of power, wealth, and privileges among these estates was a major source of resentment and contributed to the growing discontent that ultimately led to the French Revolution in 1789. The revolution aimed to abolish the old social order and establish a more equitable and representative system of government.