Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is unable to effectively protect the body against infections and diseases. This condition can be classified as primary or secondary. Primary immunodeficiency is often genetic, resulting from inherited disorders that affect immune cell function or production. Secondary immunodeficiency, on the other hand, can arise from various factors, including chronic illnesses (such as HIV/AIDS), malnutrition, certain medications (like chemotherapy), and environmental factors (like exposure to toxins). These impairments can lead to an increased susceptibility to infections, prolonged illness, and difficulty recovering from diseases, necessitating prompt medical intervention and management.