What are the principal features of the 2019 Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA)? (125 Words) [UPPSC 2019]
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Main Provisions of the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), 2019
**1. Eligibility Criteria: The CAA, 2019 provides a pathway to Indian citizenship for non-Muslim refugees (Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis) who entered India from Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan before December 31, 2014.
**2. Religious Exclusions: The Act explicitly excludes Muslims from this provision, which has led to significant controversy and debates regarding its discriminatory nature.
**3. Reduced Residency Requirement: The Act reduces the residency requirement for these refugees from 11 years to 5 years for obtaining Indian citizenship.
**4. Recent Developments: The CAA has faced widespread protests and legal challenges, with critics arguing it violates the secular principles of the Indian Constitution.
Conclusion: The CAA aims to provide expedited citizenship to non-Muslim refugees from neighboring countries, but it has been contentious due to its exclusionary criteria.