Suppose one of your close friends, who is also aspiring for civil services, comes to you for discussing some of the issues related to ethical conduct in public service. He raises the following points:
a. In the present times, when unethical environment is quite prevalent, individual attempts to stick to ethical principles may cause a lot of problems in one’s career. It may also cause hardship to the family members as well as risk to one’s life. Why should we not be pragmatic and follow the path of least resistance, and be happy with doing whatever good we can?
b. When so many people are adopting wrong means and are grossly harming the system, what difference would it make if only a small minority tries to be ethical? They are going to be rather ineffective and are bound to get frustrated.
c. If we become fussy about ethical considerations, will it not hamper the economic progress of our country? After all, in the present age of high competition, we cannot afford to be left behind in the race of development.
d. It is understandable that we should not get involved in grossly unethical practices, but giving and accepting small gratifications and doing small favours increases everybody’s motivation. It also makes the system more efficient. What is wrong in adopting such practices?
Critically analyze the above viewpoints. On the basis of this analysis, what will be your advice to your friend? (250 words)[UPSC 2014]
Analysis of Ethical Conduct in Public Service
a. Risks of Upholding Ethical Principles
While it is true that adhering to ethical principles in a challenging environment can be difficult and may pose risks to one’s career, family, and personal safety, the long-term benefits of maintaining integrity outweigh these short-term challenges. Ethical conduct ensures credibility, fosters trust, and contributes to a healthier system. For example, IAS officer Amitabh Kant, known for his principled approach, has had a significant impact on India’s development despite facing considerable challenges.
b. Impact of a Minority’s Ethical Stand
Even if unethical practices are widespread, the presence of a minority adhering to ethical standards can instigate systemic change. History shows that transformative changes often begin with a few principled individuals. For instance, Dr. Verghese Kurien, the architect of the White Revolution, was a lone figure initially who brought monumental changes to India’s dairy industry through ethical practices.
c. Ethical Conduct vs. Economic Progress
Ethical conduct is not inherently at odds with economic progress. In fact, corruption and unethical practices often lead to inefficiencies and hinder sustainable development. Countries like Denmark and Sweden demonstrate that high ethical standards and transparency can coexist with robust economic growth and high competitive performance.
d. Small Gratifications and System Efficiency
Accepting small gratifications and favors can lead to a slippery slope of escalating corruption and undermine the integrity of the system. Such practices erode public trust and institutional effectiveness over time. For example, the 2016 Panama Papers leak highlighted how seemingly minor unethical practices could lead to massive global repercussions.
Advice to Your Friend
Encourage your friend to stay committed to ethical principles, recognizing that while the journey may be challenging, it is crucial for personal integrity and the long-term health of the public service system.
Model Answer
Introduction
In an increasingly unethical environment, balancing pragmatism with ethical principles is crucial for personal integrity and societal betterment. Upholding ethics in public service not only serves individual character but also fosters a healthier system. The following analysis addresses common concerns regarding ethical conduct in public service.
Body
Analysis of Viewpoints
Pragmatism vs. Ethics
While it may seem convenient to follow the path of least resistance, doing so compromises ethical values and contributes to systemic degradation. Upholding ethical standards is essential, as it sets a positive example and inspires others. Maintaining ethical conduct in a challenging environment builds character and ultimately contributes to societal progress (Trevino & Nelson, 2016).
Minority Influence
A small minority practicing ethics can significantly impact the system. Ethical individuals can act as role models, fostering change and encouraging others to reconsider their actions. While immediate change may be slow, the cumulative effect of ethical behavior can gradually lead to a more ethical society (Cialdini, 2009).
Ethics and Economic Progress
Ethical considerations are not opposed to economic progress; rather, they complement it. Sustainable development necessitates balancing economic growth with social and environmental well-being. Integrating ethical principles into decision-making ensures fairness, accountability, and long-term sustainability, ultimately benefiting economic progress (Sachs, 2015).
Small Gratifications and Favors
Engaging in minor unethical practices, such as accepting gratifications, erodes integrity and perpetuates a culture of corruption. These practices undermine fairness, transparency, and meritocracy. It is crucial to seek ethical alternatives that motivate individuals without compromising integrity (Transparency International, 2020).
Advice to Your Friend
Conclusion
Ethical conduct is not merely a personal choice but a societal responsibility. By adhering to ethical principles, your friend can contribute to a positive transformation within the system and help shape the change they wish to see.