What elements influence how someone forms their perspective on social issues? Divergent opinions regarding a wide range of social issues are common in our culture. What opposing viewpoints regarding our society’s caste structure do you observe? How do you account for these opposing viewpoints’ existence? (150 words)[UPSC 2014]
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Factors Affecting Attitude Formation towards Social Problems
A person’s attitude towards social problems is shaped by various factors, including:
Contrasting Attitudes towards the Caste System
In Indian society, contrasting attitudes towards the caste system are prevalent:
Explaining the Existence of Contrasting Attitudes
The existence of contrasting attitudes can be explained by:
These contrasting attitudes highlight the complex interplay of tradition, modernity, and social dynamics in shaping societal views on the caste system.
Model Answer
Introduction
A person’s attitude towards social problems is shaped by various factors, including personal experiences, cultural and societal norms, education, and media exposure. These elements contribute to contrasting perspectives on issues like the caste system in Indian society.
Factors Affecting Attitudes
Personal Experiences
Individual encounters with social issues, such as poverty or discrimination, can significantly influence attitudes. For example, someone who has faced caste-based discrimination may develop a strong opposition to the caste system.
Cultural and Societal Norms
Cultural beliefs and societal norms, such as traditional views on gender roles and social hierarchy, play a crucial role in shaping attitudes. These norms can reinforce existing biases or promote progressive views.
Education and Media Exposure
Education systems and media representation provide information and diverse perspectives that can alter perceptions about social issues. Access to education often fosters critical thinking, enabling individuals to question traditional beliefs.
Contrasting Attitudes Towards the Caste System
Traditionalist Attitude
Emphasis: Upholding caste hierarchy.
Explanation: Some individuals believe the caste system is integral to Indian culture. They view caste as a necessary social structure that promotes stability.
Example: Organizations like the Karni Sena oppose inter-caste marriages, advocating for the preservation of caste-based divisions.
Progressive Attitude
Emphasis: Promoting caste equality and social justice.
Explanation: Many recognize the caste system as a discriminatory structure that perpetuates inequality. They aim to dismantle it and promote equal opportunities.
Example: Bezwada Wilson, a Dalit rights activist, co-founded the Safai Karmachari Andolan to combat caste-based discrimination and manual scavenging.
Mixed Attitude
Emphasis: Acknowledging caste while advocating for reform.
Explanation: Some accept the caste system’s historical significance but call for reforms rather than complete abolition. They support policies that foster inclusivity.
Example: Nobel laureate Amartya Sen promotes addressing social inequality through reforms while recognizing the caste system’s complexity.
Conclusion
In summary, attitudes toward social problems are influenced by a combination of personal experiences, cultural norms, and education. The contrasting attitudes towards the caste system in India reflect these influences, highlighting the need for education and awareness to foster a more equitable society.