Roadmap for Answer Writing
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Introduction
- Define wetlands and their significance.
- Mention the types of wetlands (e.g., marshes, swamps, bogs, mangroves).
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Importance of Wetlands
- Discuss the ecological roles of wetlands.
- Mention their contributions to biodiversity, water regulation, and water quality improvement.
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The Ramsar Concept of ‘Wise Use’
- Introduce the Ramsar Convention and its purpose.
- Fact: Established in 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, to conserve wetlands and promote sustainable use (Source: Ramsar Convention).
- Explain the ‘wise use’ principle.
- Emphasize the balance between conservation and sustainable utilization.
- Discuss the integration of ecological, economic, cultural, and social factors.
- Introduce the Ramsar Convention and its purpose.
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Examples of Ramsar Sites in India
- Chilika Lake, Odisha
- Describe its significance as the largest brackish water lagoon in Asia.
- Fact: Home to endangered species like the Irrawaddy dolphin and supports local livelihoods through fishing and tourism (Source: Chilika Development Authority).
- Keoladeo National Park, Rajasthan
- Highlight its importance as a bird sanctuary attracting migratory species.
- Fact: Supports thousands of migratory birds, including Siberian cranes, and serves as a breeding ground for resident species (Source: UNESCO).
- Chilika Lake, Odisha
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Conclusion
- Summarize the importance of wetlands and the Ramsar concept.
- Reinforce the role of Ramsar sites in biodiversity conservation and sustainable development.
Relevant Facts
- Definition of Wetlands: Areas where water predominates and influences the environment and life (Source: Environmental Protection Agency).
- Ramsar Convention: An international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands, signed in 1971 (Source: Ramsar Convention).
- Chilika Lake: Largest brackish water lagoon in Asia, vital for biodiversity; supports local fishing communities (Source: Chilika Development Authority).
- Keoladeo National Park: A UNESCO World Heritage Site; attracts migratory birds and is crucial for breeding resident species (Source: UNESCO).
This roadmap provides a clear and structured approach to discussing wetlands, the Ramsar concept of ‘wise use,’ and relevant examples from India, supported by pertinent facts.
Wetland Definition and Ramsar Concept of ‘Wise Use’:
1. What is a Wetland?
2. Ramsar Concept of ‘Wise Use’:
Example:
In summary, wetlands are vital ecosystems that require careful management to ensure their sustainability, as exemplified by the Ramsar Convention’s ‘wise use’ principle.
Model Answer
Introduction
Wetlands are unique ecosystems where water is the primary factor influencing the environment and the associated flora and fauna. These areas can be characterized by the presence of water, either permanently or seasonally, and include marshes, swamps, bogs, and mangroves. Wetlands are vital for maintaining biodiversity, regulating water flow, improving water quality, and providing habitats for various species.
The Ramsar Concept of ‘Wise Use’ in Wetland Conservation
The Ramsar Convention, established in Ramsar, Iran, in 1971, is an international treaty focused on the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands. The central tenet of the Ramsar Convention is the concept of ‘wise use,’ which emphasizes the sustainable utilization of wetland resources while ensuring their conservation. This approach considers ecological, economic, cultural, and social aspects, recognizing that wetlands can provide significant benefits to human communities while maintaining their ecological integrity. The ‘wise use’ principle promotes actions that preserve the ecological character of wetlands and address the needs of local communities, thereby fostering sustainable livelihoods and respecting cultural values.
Examples of Ramsar Sites in India
Conclusion
The Ramsar Convention underscores the importance of preserving and responsibly utilizing wetlands. Notable Ramsar sites in India, such as Chilika Lake and Keoladeo National Park, exemplify the successful application of the ‘wise use’ principle, contributing to biodiversity conservation and sustainable livelihoods.