What happens to DNA/genes when we eat plants and animals?
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Genes are segments of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that provide instructions for making proteins, which carry out various functions in cells. DNA, a long molecule with a double-helix structure, consists of four bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). The sequence of these bases encodes genetic information, determining traits and guiding cellular processes.
When we eat plants and animals, the DNA and genes in their cells are broken down by our digestive system. Enzymes in our saliva, stomach, and intestines break the DNA into smaller components, such as nucleotides and individual bases. These components are further degraded into their basic molecular forms and absorbed by our body for use in various biological processes, like building and repairing our own DNA. The genetic information from the food is not incorporated into our DNA.