RPSC Mains PYQs

Four Factors Affecting Span of Control

1. Complexity of Work:

• More complex tasks require a narrower span to ensure proper supervision.
• Example: Managing a high-tech engineering team requires closer supervision.

2. Capability of Employees:

• Skilled employees can work with less supervision, allowing a wider span.
• Example: An experienced software development team can be managed with fewer supervisors.

3. Management Style:

• Autocratic managers often have a narrower span, while democratic leaders can handle a broader span.
• Example: A manager who prefers direct control will have fewer employees.

4. Geographical Dispersion:

• If employees are spread across different locations, the span tends to be narrower.
• Example: A global company with offices in various countries may need more managers.

Emotional Intelligence (EI) refers to the ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions—both your own and others’.

Key Components of EI:

• Self-awareness: Recognizing your emotions (e.g., feeling anxious before a presentation).
• Self-regulation: Controlling emotions (e.g., staying calm during a stressful meeting).
• Empathy: Understanding others’ emotions (e.g., comforting a friend who’s sad).
• Social skills: Managing relationships effectively (e.g., resolving conflicts peacefully).

Key Factors

• Nutrition: Eating a balanced diet supports physical health (e.g., fruits and vegetables boost energy).
• Exercise: Regular physical activity enhances mood and reduces stress (e.g., walking or yoga).
• Sleep: Quality sleep is vital for mental and physical recovery (e.g., 7-9 hours a night).
• Social Support: Having friends and family provides emotional strength (e.g., sharing experiences).
• Positive Thinking: Maintaining an optimistic outlook can improve resilience (e.g., focusing on solutions).

Conclusion

These factors work together to create a foundation for overall well-being, enhancing both physical and mental health.

Examples of Food Additives and Ores

(i) Artificial Sweeteners

• Example: Aspartame
  • Usage: Commonly found in diet sodas and sugar-free products.
  • Benefit: Provides sweetness without calories, making it popular for weight management.

(ii) Food Preservatives

• Example: Sodium Benzoate
  • Usage: Used in soft drinks and pickles to prevent spoilage.
  • Benefit: Extends shelf life by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi.

(iii) Ores of Zinc

• Example: Sphalerite
  • Usage: The primary ore from which zinc is extracted.
  • Benefit: Zinc is vital for various applications, including batteries and galvanizing steel.

These examples illustrate the importance of artificial sweeteners, food preservatives, and zinc ores in our daily lives.