Important Current Events

Model Answer

Introduction

The ongoing conflicts in West Asia, including the Syrian Civil War, the Lebanese political crisis, the Yemen civil war, and the Israel-Hamas confrontations, have profound implications for both regional and global stability.

Regional and Global Instability

1. 1. 1. Humanitarian Crisis: Military confrontations in the region, particularly the Israel-Gaza conflict, have resulted in significant loss of life and worsened humanitarian conditions. In Gaza alone, over 35,000 deaths were reported, with nearly 69% of the victims being women and children. This escalating humanitarian disaster destabilizes the region, exacerbating the suffering of civilians.
      2. Rise of Extremism: Prolonged conflicts foster environments conducive to radicalization, with extremist groups like ISIS and the Houthis gaining power in Syria and Yemen, respectively. These groups not only destabilize local governments but also pose a broader threat to global security.
      3. Disruption of Global Economic Stability: West Asia is crucial for global energy markets, with many countries relying on its oil supplies. The conflict disrupts critical shipping routes and causes oil supply fluctuations. For instance, Houthi attacks on commercial vessels in the Red Sea have forced many shipping companies to suspend operations, affecting global trade and oil prices.
      4. Geopolitical Tensions: The conflicts in the region often lead to friction between global powers. The ongoing Israel-Gaza conflict and the Syrian Civil War have seen competing interests, with countries like China and Russia opposing US-led efforts, further complicating international relations.

Repercussions for India

1. 1. 1. Energy Security: India is heavily dependent on West Asia for its oil supply, with over 40% of its oil imports coming from the region. Conflicts in West Asia threaten to disrupt this vital energy source, exposing India to price volatility and supply disruptions.
      2. Impact on the Indian Diaspora: Approximately 8 million Indians live in West Asia, contributing significantly to India’s economy through remittances, which amount to about USD 40 billion annually. Instability in the region threatens their livelihoods and could disrupt these financial flows.
      3. Strategic Relations: India’s strategic ties with the Middle East, especially through initiatives like the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor, are affected by the ongoing conflicts. For instance, Israel plays a crucial role in this corridor, and the conflict has hindered its progress.

In conclusion, the escalating conflicts in West Asia have severe consequences for regional and global stability, particularly impacting India’s energy security, economic interests, and diplomatic relationships. India’s active engagement in diplomatic efforts and diversification of energy sources are essential to mitigate these risks.

Model Answer

Introduction

China’s rapid ascent as an economic and military superpower has profound implications for India, its neighboring rival. By leveraging economic relations and a positive trade surplus, China is enhancing its military capabilities in Asia through initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC).

Impact of China’s Rise on India

1. Direct Military Threat

China’s military expansion and aggressive posture, particularly regarding border disputes, pose a direct threat to India’s national security. The Doklam standoff in 2017 serves as a notable example of China’s assertive military strategies, raising alarms about India’s territorial integrity and defense preparedness.

2. Influence in Multilateral Forums

China’s increasing dominance in multilateral institutions such as the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) can undermine India’s interests. For instance, China’s ability to influence resolutions and policies may limit India’s capacity to promote its strategic agenda, thereby affecting its standing in global affairs.

3. Economic Cooperation with Pakistan

China’s burgeoning economic partnership with Pakistan, particularly through CPEC, is perceived as an effort to curtail India’s influence in the region. By enhancing Pakistan’s infrastructure and connectivity, China not only strengthens its ally but also seeks to diminish India’s regional power, potentially leading to increased military collaboration between the two nations.

4. Influence in South Asia

China’s extensive investments in infrastructure across South Asian nations like Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bangladesh have diluted India’s traditional influence in the region. These initiatives allow China to expand its geopolitical reach, often at India’s expense, complicating India’s diplomatic efforts and strategic positioning.

Conclusion

China’s rise as an economic and military powerhouse presents significant challenges for India. Its aggressive policies and military developments, alongside strategic partnerships in the region, create a considerable security threat, compelling India to adopt proactive measures to protect its national interests.