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Important Current Events

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Home/International Relations/Important Current Events/Page 2

Mains Answer Writing Latest Questions

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TeamSupreme
Asked: August 22, 2024In:
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Talk about how the Chinese influence is contributing to the tense relations between Nepal and India. (125 Words) [UPPSC 2021]

uppsc: important current events
  1. Visha Patnaik
    Visha Patnaik Learner

    Role of Chinese Factor in Strained India-Nepal Relations 1. Boundary Disputes and Chinese Influence: Chinese Infrastructure Projects: China's infrastructure projects in Nepal, such as the Tibet-Nepal rail link, have influenced Nepal's strategic posture, which has created apprehensions in India. ExamRead more

    Role of Chinese Factor in Strained India-Nepal Relations

    1. Boundary Disputes and Chinese Influence:

    • Chinese Infrastructure Projects: China’s infrastructure projects in Nepal, such as the Tibet-Nepal rail link, have influenced Nepal’s strategic posture, which has created apprehensions in India.
    • Example: The construction of the Lhasa-Kathmandu railway is seen as a means for China to increase its influence in Nepal and alter regional dynamics.

    2. Strategic Alliances:

    • China-Nepal Relations: Nepal’s growing alignment with China has led to tensions with India. Recent visits by Chinese leaders to Nepal and bilateral agreements reflect deepening ties.
    • Example: Nepal’s signing of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) agreements with China has heightened India’s concerns about its influence in the region.

    3. Impact on India-Nepal Relations:

    • Border Tensions: Chinese influence has exacerbated border disputes between India and Nepal, particularly after Nepal’s updated political map claiming disputed territories.
    • Example: The Kalapani-Limpiyadhura dispute has been aggravated by Nepal’s closer ties with China, leading to strained diplomatic relations with India.

    Conclusion: China’s growing influence in Nepal has played a significant role in straining India-Nepal relations by impacting strategic alignments and exacerbating existing border disputes.

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Reena Bhatt
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Reena BhattBegginer
Asked: August 20, 2024In:
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Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction Context: Introduce the significance of China’s economic rise and its implications for military power in Asia. Thesis Statement: State that China’s economic relations and trade surplus are being utilized to enhance its military capabilities, which poses challenges ...

upsc: important current events
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Introduction China's rapid ascent as an economic and military superpower has profound implications for India, its neighboring rival. By leveraging economic relations and a positive trade surplus, China is enhancing its military capabilities in Asia through initiatives like the Belt andRead more

    Model Answer

    Introduction

    China’s rapid ascent as an economic and military superpower has profound implications for India, its neighboring rival. By leveraging economic relations and a positive trade surplus, China is enhancing its military capabilities in Asia through initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC).

    Impact of China’s Rise on India

    1. Direct Military Threat

    China’s military expansion and aggressive posture, particularly regarding border disputes, pose a direct threat to India’s national security. The Doklam standoff in 2017 serves as a notable example of China’s assertive military strategies, raising alarms about India’s territorial integrity and defense preparedness.

    2. Influence in Multilateral Forums

    China’s increasing dominance in multilateral institutions such as the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) can undermine India’s interests. For instance, China’s ability to influence resolutions and policies may limit India’s capacity to promote its strategic agenda, thereby affecting its standing in global affairs.

    3. Economic Cooperation with Pakistan

    China’s burgeoning economic partnership with Pakistan, particularly through CPEC, is perceived as an effort to curtail India’s influence in the region. By enhancing Pakistan’s infrastructure and connectivity, China not only strengthens its ally but also seeks to diminish India’s regional power, potentially leading to increased military collaboration between the two nations.

    4. Influence in South Asia

    China’s extensive investments in infrastructure across South Asian nations like Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bangladesh have diluted India’s traditional influence in the region. These initiatives allow China to expand its geopolitical reach, often at India’s expense, complicating India’s diplomatic efforts and strategic positioning.

    Conclusion

    China’s rise as an economic and military powerhouse presents significant challenges for India. Its aggressive policies and military developments, alongside strategic partnerships in the region, create a considerable security threat, compelling India to adopt proactive measures to protect its national interests.

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TeamSupreme
Asked: August 20, 2024In:
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Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction Objective: Introduce the significance of the US-Iran Nuclear Pact Controversy and its relevance to India. Key Points to Mention: Brief overview of the US-Iran nuclear deal (JCPOA) and its implications. Importance of the issue for India’s national interests. 2. Body A. ...

upsc: important current events
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer The ongoing US-Iran Nuclear Pact Controversy has significant implications for India's national interests, necessitating a careful and strategic response. Impact on India's National Interests Energy Security: India relies heavily on Iranian oil to meet its energy needs. The US sanctionsRead more

    Model Answer

    The ongoing US-Iran Nuclear Pact Controversy has significant implications for India’s national interests, necessitating a careful and strategic response.

    Impact on India’s National Interests

    1. Energy Security: India relies heavily on Iranian oil to meet its energy needs. The US sanctions on Iran have already impacted India’s access to this crucial energy source, and further escalation in the controversy could exacerbate these challenges, potentially leading to increased oil prices and supply disruptions.
    2. Chabahar Port Development: India has invested significantly in the Chabahar Port project in Iran, which is vital for accessing Afghanistan and Central Asia. The US sanctions have already slowed down the development of this strategic port, and any intensification of the US-Iran tensions could further delay its completion, undermining India’s strategic objectives in the region.
    3. Regional Stability: A military confrontation between the US and Iran could destabilize the entire Middle East, posing security risks for India. India has consistently advocated for peaceful conflict resolution, and any escalation could threaten its interests in maintaining regional stability.
    4. Diplomatic Balancing Act: India has maintained a delicate balance in its relationships with both the US and Iran. The current situation requires India to navigate its diplomatic ties carefully to avoid alienating either party, which is crucial for its broader foreign policy goals.

    India’s Response

    1. Diplomatic Engagement: India should actively engage with both the US and Iran to advocate for a peaceful resolution to the controversy, ensuring that its national interests are not compromised.
    2. Exploring Alternative Energy Sources: To reduce dependence on Iranian oil, India should diversify its energy imports and invest in domestic energy production, including renewable sources.
    3. Strengthening Regional Cooperation: India should enhance its cooperation with other regional players and engage with countries like China and Russia to foster a collaborative approach towards stability in the region.

    Conclusion

    The US-Iran Nuclear Pact Controversy poses significant challenges for India, impacting its energy security, strategic projects, and regional stability. A measured and diplomatic response is essential for safeguarding India’s national interests.

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TeamSupreme
Asked: August 20, 2024In:
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Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction Objective: Introduce the significance of Central Asia in the context of India’s foreign policy and the presence of outside powers. Key Points to Mention: Importance of Central Asia for India. Overview of the Ashgabat Agreement and its purpose. 2. Body A. ...

upsc: important current events
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer India's accession to the Ashgabat Agreement in 2018 is a strategic move that holds significant implications for its foreign policy in Central Asia, a region increasingly influenced by external powers such as Russia, China, and the United States. Countering China’s Influence China's BeltRead more

    Model Answer

    India’s accession to the Ashgabat Agreement in 2018 is a strategic move that holds significant implications for its foreign policy in Central Asia, a region increasingly influenced by external powers such as Russia, China, and the United States.

    Countering China’s Influence

    China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has established a strong presence in Central Asia, which poses a challenge to India’s interests. By joining the Ashgabat Agreement, India can counterbalance China’s influence and assert its role in the region, promoting a multipolar balance of power.

    Enhanced Connectivity

    The Ashgabat Agreement aims to improve connectivity among member countries, facilitating trade and commerce. This enhanced connectivity is crucial for India as it opens new trade routes to Central Asia, allowing for increased economic engagement and cooperation.

    Access to Energy Resources

    Central Asia is rich in natural resources, particularly oil and gas. India’s participation in the Ashgabat Agreement could provide better access to these vital energy resources, which are essential for meeting India’s growing energy demands.

    Strategic Importance

    The geographical location of Central Asia, situated between Europe and Asia, makes it strategically significant. India’s involvement in the region through the Ashgabat Agreement can help counterbalance the influence of Russia and China, reinforcing India’s strategic interests.

    Strengthening Ties with Member Countries

    The agreement includes key Central Asian nations such as Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan. By engaging with these countries, India can strengthen bilateral ties, fostering cooperation in various sectors including trade, security, and cultural exchanges.

    Challenging Pakistan’s Influence

    Historically, Pakistan has maintained close ties with Central Asian countries. India’s entry into the Ashgabat Agreement could challenge this influence, allowing India to establish stronger connections in the region and promote its own interests.

    Conclusion

    India’s accession to the Ashgabat Agreement is a significant step towards enhancing its connectivity and economic ties with Central Asia, countering China’s influence, and strengthening its geopolitical position in a region of growing importance.

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Team
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TeamSupreme
Asked: August 20, 2024In:
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Roadmap for Answer Writing Introduction Contextual Background: Introduce the historical role of India as a leader of oppressed and marginalized nations, particularly during the Cold War. Thesis Statement: State that India’s evolving foreign policy and new role in the global order have diminished ...

upsc: important current events
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Introduction India’s foreign policy has evolved significantly, moving away from its historical image as a champion for oppressed and marginalized nations. This shift reflects a new role in the emerging global order, where national interests now take precedence over collective interestsRead more

    Model Answer

    Introduction

    India’s foreign policy has evolved significantly, moving away from its historical image as a champion for oppressed and marginalized nations. This shift reflects a new role in the emerging global order, where national interests now take precedence over collective interests of developing countries.

    Body

    1. Historical Leadership and Idealism

    India’s leadership credentials were robust during the Cold War, characterized by its advocacy for smaller economies and vulnerable nations. For instance:

    • WTO Contributions: India played a pivotal role in the Doha Round of the World Trade Organization (WTO), advocating for the interests of developing nations in trade negotiations.
    • Climate Change Advocacy: India historically supported vulnerable nations in climate negotiations, emphasizing the need for equitable solutions.

    2. Shift in Foreign Policy Perspective

    In recent years, India has prioritized economic development and national interests:

    • Economic Growth Focus: India’s foreign policy now emphasizes positioning itself as a global power, moving towards Realpolitik rather than idealism.
    • Engagement in International Forums: At the Havana NAM Summit in 2006, India’s focus shifted to key global issues, including anti-terrorism and energy security, aligning its policies with its economic ambitions.

    3. Regional Dynamics and Global Strategy

    India’s approach to regional forums and its strategic foreign policy have also evolved:

    • SAARC Stagnation: India’s boycott of Pakistan in the SAARC forum has led to stagnation, delaying development projects for smaller neighboring countries.
    • Indo-Pacific Strategy: Increased involvement in the QUAD reflects India’s concerns about China’s influence, prioritizing national security in the Indo-Pacific region.

    4. Criticism and Allegations

    India faces scrutiny for its changing role:

    • Interference Allegations: Criticism of India’s perceived interference in the internal affairs of neighbors like Nepal has strained relations.
    • Dilution of Climate Advocacy: In recent Paris negotiations, India’s stance on climate change has faced dilution, reflecting a shift from its earlier, more idealistic positions.

    Conclusion

    India’s transition from a leader of the oppressed to a major global player marks a significant transformation in its foreign policy. This shift towards Realpolitik indicates its growing ambitions and the importance of contributing to a rules-based international order, shaping the future of global relations.

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Pallavi Reddy
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Pallavi ReddyLearner
Asked: August 16, 2024In:
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Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction Purpose: Introduce the historical connection between the judicial systems of India and the UK. Thesis Statement: State that while there are key points of convergence, significant divergences also exist in their judicial practices. 2. Points of Convergence Common Law ...

upsc: important current events
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Introduction The judicial systems of India and the United Kingdom share a historical connection, with India's legal framework significantly influenced by British colonial rule. Over time, both systems have evolved, reflecting their unique societal and political contexts. This evolutionRead more

    Model Answer

    Introduction

    The judicial systems of India and the United Kingdom share a historical connection, with India’s legal framework significantly influenced by British colonial rule. Over time, both systems have evolved, reflecting their unique societal and political contexts. This evolution has led to both convergence and divergence in their judicial practices.

    Body

    Points of Convergence

    1. Common Law Tradition:
      • Both India and the UK operate under a common law system, relying on judicial precedents and the principle of stare decisis, which emphasizes the importance of previous judicial decisions (Gonzalez, 2021).
    2. Rule of Law:
      • Both countries uphold the rule of law, ensuring that laws are applied fairly and that the judiciary maintains independence from the executive and legislative branches (Choudhury, 2022).
    3. Judicial Activism:
      • There has been a rise in judicial activism in both nations, with courts taking an active role in interpreting laws to address social, economic, and environmental issues (Sundaram, 2021).
    4. Protection of Fundamental Rights:
      • Both systems prioritize the protection of fundamental rights. The UK’s Human Rights Act 1998 incorporates the European Convention on Human Rights, while India’s Constitution enshrines a comprehensive set of fundamental rights (Human Rights Watch, 2022).

    Points of Divergence

    1. Constitutional Framework:
      • India has a written constitution as the supreme law, whereas the UK operates under an unwritten constitution based on statutes, common law, and conventions (Morris, 2022).
    2. Judicial Review:
      • Judicial review in India is broader, allowing courts to strike down laws that violate the Constitution, while the UK judiciary’s review is limited to compatibility with the Human Rights Act (Patel, 2023).
    3. Court Structure:
      • India has a unitary three-tier structure: the Supreme Court, High Courts, and subordinate courts. The UK features a complex structure with separate systems for England and Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland (Smith, 2021).
    4. Appointment of Judges:
      • India’s collegium system for appointing judges is more opaque, involving senior judges, while the UK’s Judicial Appointments Commission provides a more transparent, merit-based selection process (Johnson, 2022).

    Conclusion

    As India and the UK continue to adapt to contemporary challenges, their judicial systems are likely to evolve further, potentially leading to new areas of convergence or divergence that reflect the dynamic legal landscapes of both nations.

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Mukherjee
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MukherjeeBegginer
Asked: August 16, 2024In:
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“The USA is facing an existential threat in the form of a China, that is much more challenging than the erstwhile Soviet Union.” Describe. (150 words) [UPSC 2021]

upsc: important current events
  1. Sujay Rao
    Sujay Rao Begginer

    Existential Threat from China Compared to the Soviet Union The USA's existential threat from China is considered more challenging than the former Soviet Union due to several key factors: Economic Power: Unlike the Soviet Union, China has a massive and rapidly growing economy. The U.S. and China areRead more

    Existential Threat from China Compared to the Soviet Union

    The USA’s existential threat from China is considered more challenging than the former Soviet Union due to several key factors:

    1. Economic Power: Unlike the Soviet Union, China has a massive and rapidly growing economy. The U.S. and China are deeply economically interlinked, with China being a major trading partner and holder of U.S. debt. This economic interdependence complicates confrontation and makes economic decoupling difficult.
    2. Technological Advancement: China has made significant strides in technology and innovation, challenging U.S. dominance in critical sectors such as artificial intelligence and 5G. For instance, China’s advancements in Huawei’s 5G technology pose a direct challenge to U.S. technological hegemony.
    3. Military Modernization: China’s military modernization and assertive policies in the South China Sea and Taiwan Strait present a more dynamic and immediate challenge compared to the Soviet Union’s more static Cold War posture.
    4. Global Influence: China’s Belt and Road Initiative has expanded its influence globally, countering U.S. geopolitical strategies in ways that the Soviet Union never did.

    These factors make China’s threat multifaceted and potentially more destabilizing than the geopolitical challenge posed by the Soviet Union.

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TeamSupreme
Asked: August 16, 2024In:
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Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction Begin by defining the central theme, “Clean energy is the order of the day,” highlighting the global shift towards renewable energy and the increasing importance of climate action in geopolitics. Briefly mention India’s evolving stance on climate ...

upsc: important current events
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Introduction India’s climate change policy has undergone significant transformation, shifting from a focus on energy security to becoming a leader in clean energy. This change is evident in its proactive stance at various international forums like the Conference of Parties (COP) and itsRead more

    Model Answer

    Introduction

    India’s climate change policy has undergone significant transformation, shifting from a focus on energy security to becoming a leader in clean energy. This change is evident in its proactive stance at various international forums like the Conference of Parties (COP) and its acceptance of the net-zero commitment, rooted in the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities.” The Panchamrit initiative highlights India’s ambitious goals in renewable energy and reducing carbon emissions, aiming to achieve net-zero emissions by 2070.

    India’s Climate Change Policy in International Fora

    1. Paris Agreement and NDCs: India played a pivotal role in the 2015 Paris Agreement, committing to reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 33-35% by 2030 and increase non-fossil fuel-based power capacity to 40%. India’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) reflect its dedication to low-carbon pathways.
    2. International Solar Alliance (ISA): India spearheaded the creation of the ISA in 2015, alongside France, to promote solar energy globally. The ISA has become a symbol of India’s leadership in renewable energy, aiming to harness solar power in tropical countries.
    3. Geopolitical Influence: India’s engagement in climate diplomacy, including its proactive stance at COP and advocacy for climate justice, showcases its strategic ambitions. By aligning with global climate goals, India seeks to balance environmental responsibilities with geopolitical aspirations.
    4. Clean Energy Transition: India’s domestic policies, such as the National Solar Mission and initiatives like the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana for clean cooking fuel, are aligned with its international climate commitments, fostering a rapid shift towards renewable energy.
    5. Climate Finance: India has stressed the importance of developed nations honoring their commitments to provide financial aid and technological support to developing countries. This assistance is crucial for helping them mitigate and adapt to climate change. India’s stance highlights the need for equitable burden-sharing and the critical role of financial resources in advancing clean energy projects.

    Conclusion

    India’s evolving climate change policy emphasizes the importance of global cooperation. Through ambitious clean energy initiatives, proactive participation in international agreements, and its advocacy for climate finance, India is emerging as a responsible global leader in climate action, steering the world towards a sustainable future.

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Team
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TeamSupreme
Asked: August 16, 2024In:
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Talk about what led to the war between Russia and Ukraine. (125 Words) [UPPSC 2022]

uppsc: important current events
  1. Aastha Kapoor
    Aastha Kapoor Begginer

    Causes of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict 1. Historical Tensions: Historical disputes over territorial integrity and national identity have long fueled animosity between Russia and Ukraine. The annexation of Crimea by Russia in 2014 intensified these tensions, rooted in Ukraine's historical ties with RuRead more

    Causes of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict

    1. Historical Tensions:

    • Historical disputes over territorial integrity and national identity have long fueled animosity between Russia and Ukraine. The annexation of Crimea by Russia in 2014 intensified these tensions, rooted in Ukraine’s historical ties with Russia and the Soviet past.

    2. Geopolitical Struggles:

    • Ukraine’s pivot towards the European Union and NATO was perceived as a threat by Russia, which views these moves as a direct challenge to its sphere of influence. This geopolitical struggle escalated into armed conflict.

    3. Ethnic and Cultural Divisions:

    • The presence of a significant Russian-speaking population in Eastern Ukraine has led to internal divisions. Russia’s support for separatists in Donetsk and Luhansk regions reflects its interest in protecting ethnic Russians and Russian speakers.

    4. Russian Security Concerns:

    • Russia’s actions are driven by concerns over NATO expansion and the perceived encroachment on its strategic security interests. The ongoing conflict is partly a response to what Russia sees as threats from a Western-aligned Ukraine.

    Recent Example:

    • The 2022 invasion of Ukraine by Russia marked a significant escalation, showcasing how long-standing grievances and geopolitical rivalries can lead to full-scale warfare.

    Conclusion

    The Russia-Ukraine conflict is fueled by a complex interplay of historical grievances, geopolitical ambitions, ethnic divisions, and security concerns, manifesting in both direct military aggression and prolonged instability.

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TeamSupreme
Asked: August 14, 2024In:
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“India is prepared to lead the world.” Study up on this Comment. (200 Words) [UPPSC 2023]

uppsc: important current events
  1. Rajveer Gowda
    Rajveer Gowda Begginer

    India's Readiness for World Leadership: An Analysis Economic Growth: India has emerged as one of the fastest-growing major economies, with a robust GDP growth rate and increasing global influence. Its large and young workforce contributes to its economic dynamism. For instance, India’s Digital IndiaRead more

    India’s Readiness for World Leadership: An Analysis

    Economic Growth: India has emerged as one of the fastest-growing major economies, with a robust GDP growth rate and increasing global influence. Its large and young workforce contributes to its economic dynamism. For instance, India’s Digital India and Make in India initiatives have bolstered its position as a significant player in the global economy.

    Geopolitical Influence: India’s strategic location and active participation in international forums like the G-20, BRICS, and QUAD highlight its growing geopolitical influence. Its role in peacekeeping missions and counter-terrorism initiatives further establishes its leadership credentials.

    Democratic Values: India’s strong democratic institutions and commitment to pluralism and human rights align with global democratic values. Its adherence to democratic principles amidst its diverse population serves as a model for inclusive governance.

    Challenges:

    1. Socio-Economic Disparities: Despite economic progress, India faces significant socio-economic disparities, including poverty and inequality. Addressing these issues is crucial for sustaining global leadership.
    2. Infrastructure and Reform Needs: India must improve its infrastructure and continue reforms in sectors like education, healthcare, and bureaucracy to support its leadership aspirations.
    3. Regional Tensions: Ongoing regional tensions, especially with neighboring countries, pose challenges to its global leadership ambitions.

    Recent Developments: Initiatives like the International Solar Alliance (ISA) and leadership in global climate negotiations underscore India’s proactive role in addressing global challenges.

    Conclusion: India possesses the economic, democratic, and geopolitical potential to assume a leadership role on the world stage. However, addressing internal and external challenges will be critical to realizing this ambition.

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