Water Resources

Wetlands play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance and providing various ecosystem services, including water purification, flood control, and sustainable water management. Here are some of the key roles wetlands play:

1. Water Purification: Wetlands act as natural filters, removing pollutants and contaminants from water by using microorganisms, plants, and other biological processes. They can remove pollutants such as nutrients, heavy metals, and pesticides from the water.
2. Flood Control: Wetlands can help regulate floodwaters by absorbing excess water, reducing the risk of flooding downstream, and protecting infrastructure and human settlements. They can also act as natural buffers, slowing down the flow of water and reducing erosion.
3. Sustainable Water Management: Wetlands help maintain water quality by storing and filtering rainwater, reducing the need for artificial treatment systems. They also help maintain groundwater recharge, recharging aquifers and maintaining healthy water tables.
4. Habitat for Biodiversity: Wetlands provide habitat for a wide range of plant and animal species, many of which are found nowhere else. They support biodiversity by providing shelter, food, and breeding grounds for these species.
5. Carbon Sequestration: Wetlands are important carbon sinks, storing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and preventing its release into the atmosphere. This helps mitigate climate change.
6. Erosion Control: Wetlands help prevent soil erosion by stabilizing riverbanks and coastlines, reducing the risk of landslides and sedimentation downstream.
7. Water Storage: Wetlands can store large amounts of water during times of drought or flood, providing a natural buffer against water scarcity or excess.
8. Recreation and Tourism: Wetlands provide opportunities for recreation and tourism, supporting local economies and promoting conservation efforts.