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Ethics in Public Administration

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Home/Ethics/Ethics in Public Administration/Page 8

Mains Answer Writing Latest Questions

Manju Basain
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Manju BasainBegginer
Asked: July 1, 2024In:
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Discuss about the moral dilemmas raised by the government’s use of taxpayer funds for advertising. What steps would you recommend taking to resolve these problems? (Answer in 150 words)

upsc: ethical concerns & dilemmas
  1. Shyamlal Sharma
    Shyamlal Sharma Learner

    The government expenditure on advertisements has been an issue of much interest, discussion and debate in India in the recent past. Following are some of the ethical issues involved in government's spending of public money on advertisements: Fulfilling personal or political interests: AdvertisementsRead more

    The government expenditure on advertisements has been an issue of much interest, discussion and debate in India in the recent past.

    Following are some of the ethical issues involved in government’s spending of public money on advertisements:

    • Fulfilling personal or political interests: Advertisements funded by public money are often used to project personalities and political parties.
    • Misleading information: Propaganda, misinformation, fake news etc. through advertisements have the potential to polarise public opinion, to promote violent extremism and hate speech and, ultimately, to undermine democracies and reduce public trust in the democratic processes.
    • Distortion of level playing field: Allowing government advertisements to be published during the run up to elections is undemocratic and creates a highly unequal playing field for other parties contesting the election.
    • Impact of digital advertising: Digital advertising allows political candidates to bypass the regulations governing traditional advertising. Online advertising offers political campaigns far more tools to narrowly target their audiences, and this allows them to use their campaign funds to polarise the electorate more easily.

    It is necessary to curtail these ethical issues while spending public money on advertisements and in this regard, following measures can be taken:

    • Fulfill genuine public interests: It is necessary to ensure that Government advertising must satisfy the test of reasonableness and public interest while dealing with public funds and needs to be effectively managed in the best democratic way.
    • Transparency and accountability: There is a need for enhanced transparency and accountability to help citizens understand how public funds are being managed and spent on advertisements. For example, the government can lay down a fair procedure for selecting media for advertisements.
    • Avoiding misleading information: The advertising materials should be presented in an objective, fair and accessible manner and designed to meet objectives of the campaign. The information provided in the government advertisement can be published along with its source.
    • Efficiency and cost-effectiveness: Given the varying costs associated with disseminating campaign messages via different media, an evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of online and other formats is needed to provide insights into maximum utilisation of limited public funds.
    • Formulating clear guidelines and standards: Governments should develop clear guidelines along with a code of ethics for advertising especially digital advertising.
    • Projecting the government: Government can deploy National symbols in advertisements rather than publishing the photographs of personalities.

    In light of these measures, governments can ensure that their advertisements serve the larger public interests, foster transparency and accountability, and maintain trust with the public.

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Vamika Kohli
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Vamika KohliBegginer
Asked: July 26, 2024In: , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
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To what extent should parents monitor their children’s online activities to protect them from digital threats without infringing on their privacy and autonomy?

autonomychildrencyber bulyingcybersecuritydigital safetydigital wellbeingethical parentinginternet securityonline privacyparenting dilemmasquestion
  1. Ishita Chowdhury
    Ishita Chowdhury Begginer

    Parents should monitor their children’s online activities to protect them from digital threats while balancing privacy and autonomy. Effective monitoring involves setting clear, age-appropriate boundaries and guidelines for online behavior. Parents can use parental controls to filter content and manRead more

    Parents should monitor their children’s online activities to protect them from digital threats while balancing privacy and autonomy. Effective monitoring involves setting clear, age-appropriate boundaries and guidelines for online behavior. Parents can use parental controls to filter content and manage screen time, ensuring that children are exposed to safe and educational material.

    Open communication is crucial. Parents should discuss the potential dangers of the internet and establish trust, encouraging children to share their online experiences and any concerns they might have. This approach respects their growing need for privacy and fosters a supportive environment.

    Instead of constant surveillance, parents should focus on educating their children about internet safety, such as recognizing phishing attempts and protecting personal information. Involvement in their online activities should be more about guidance and less about invasive tracking.

    By combining these strategies—setting rules, communicating openly, and educating children—parents can protect their children from digital threats while respecting their privacy and fostering independence.

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Natasha Lodhi
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Natasha LodhiBegginer
Asked: July 17, 2024In: ,
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  1. Souravbrahma 8
    Souravbrahma 8 Begginer

    To govern AI in the public sector, a comprehensive regulatory framework is essential. This should include transparency requirements, mandating that AI systems be explainable and their decision-making processes open to scrutiny. Strict standards for bias detection and mitigation are crucial, especialRead more

    To govern AI in the public sector, a comprehensive regulatory framework is essential. This should include transparency requirements, mandating that AI systems be explainable and their decision-making processes open to scrutiny. Strict standards for bias detection and mitigation are crucial, especially regarding protected characteristics. Robust data privacy and security regulations must be implemented to safeguard citizen information.

    Human oversight mechanisms should ensure that critical decisions remain under human control, with the ability to override AI recommendations. Regular auditing and impact assessments should be mandatory to evaluate the societal effects and efficacy of AI systems. Clear accountability frameworks must establish responsibility for AI-related errors or harm.

    Public engagement policies should involve citizens in the development and deployment of AI systems that affect them. Ethical guidelines for AI use in government should be developed and enforced. Cross-agency coordination is necessary to ensure consistent AI policies across different government departments.

    Workforce training programs should prepare public sector employees to work effectively with AI systems. Additionally, regulations should address the procurement and development of AI technologies, ensuring fair competition and preventing vendor lock-in. Lastly, policies should promote innovation while maintaining safeguards, striking a balance between progress and protection in public sector AI use.

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anvesha krishna srivastava
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anvesha krishna srivastavaBegginer
Asked: July 15, 2024In: , ,
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fitzgeraldgreat gatsbyliteraturenovelperspectivewealth
  1. Vaibhav Dhanorkar
    Vaibhav Dhanorkar Begginer

    In F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby, the motif of water plays a significant role in underscoring the novel's themes of wealth, loss, and the American Dream. Water appears in various forms throughout the novel, symbolizing both the unattainable nature of dreams and the inevitability of loss. 1)Read more

    In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, the motif of water plays a significant role in underscoring the novel’s themes of wealth, loss, and the American Dream. Water appears in various forms throughout the novel, symbolizing both the unattainable nature of dreams and the inevitability of loss.

    1) Wealth and Opulence

    he characters in The Great Gatsby are often associated with water in ways that highlight their wealth and luxurious lifestyles. For instance, Gatsby’s lavish parties by the water, complete with swimming pools and yacht rides, showcase his immense wealth and his desire to impress others. These aquatic elements emphasize the opulence and extravagance that money can buy, reinforcing the novel’s focus on the excesses of the wealthy elite.

    2) Loss and Isolation:

    Water also serves as a symbol of loss and separation. The most poignant example is the green light at the end of Daisy’s dock, which Gatsby gazes at across the bay. The water between Gatsby’s mansion and Daisy’s house symbolizes the emotional and social distance between them. Despite his wealth, Gatsby cannot bridge this gap, highlighting the futility of his quest to reclaim the past. The bay acts as a physical and metaphorical barrier, representing the insurmountable obstacles that prevent Gatsby from achieving his dream.

    3) The American Dream:

    The motif of water is intricately tied to the theme of the American Dream. Gatsby’s pursuit of Daisy, and by extension, his idealized vision of the American Dream, is continually thwarted by the distance symbolized by water. The dream of achieving happiness and fulfillment through wealth is shown to be an illusion, much like a mirage on the water’s surface. The tragic end of Gatsby, found dead in his swimming pool, underscores the ultimate failure of the American Dream. The pool, a symbol of Gatsby’s wealth, becomes the site of his demise, suggesting that the pursuit of material success can lead to ruin rather than fulfillment.

    In summary, the motif of water in The Great Gatsby enriches the novel’s exploration of its central themes. It symbolizes the dazzling allure and ultimate emptiness of wealth, the persistent separation and loss inherent in human relationships, and the elusive nature of the American Dream. Through the recurring imagery of water, Fitzgerald poignantly illustrates the characters’ desires and the inevitable disillusionment that accompanies their pursuit of those desires.

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Shristi Chopra
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Shristi ChopraBegginer
Asked: July 9, 2024In: ,
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  1. VISHAL KUMAR
    VISHAL KUMAR Begginer

    The relationship between the central (federal) government and state governments varies depending on the country's political structure. In general terms: Unitary System: Here, the central government has all the power and delegates authority to local governments as necessary. States or provinces do noRead more

    The relationship between the central (federal) government and state governments varies depending on the country’s political structure. In general terms:

    Unitary System: Here, the central government has all the power and delegates authority to local governments as necessary. States or provinces do not have much autonomy.

    Federal System: Powers are divided between the central government and state or provincial governments. Each level of government has its own sphere of authority, and they coexist independently within their respective areas.

    In federal systems like that of the United States or India:

    Division of Powers: The constitution typically outlines the powers of each level of government. The central government usually deals with national defense, foreign affairs, currency, and other overarching issues. State governments handle matters like education, healthcare, transportation, and local governance.

    Constitutional Framework: The constitution serves as the supreme law of the land and defines the powers and responsibilities of each level of government. It also often includes mechanisms for resolving disputes between the central and state governments.

    Interdependence: Both levels of government rely on each other to some extent. States may depend on the central government for funding or policy direction, while the central government may rely on states for implementation of policies and local governance.

    Coordination and Cooperation: While they operate independently within their spheres, effective governance often requires coordination and cooperation between the central and state governments. This can be achieved through mechanisms like intergovernmental meetings, councils, and joint decision-making bodies.

    Overall, the relationship between the central and state governments is crucial for the functioning of federal systems, aiming to balance national unity with regional autonomy and responsiveness.

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104
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104Begginer
Asked: July 21, 2024In:
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What are the ethical implications of artificial intelligence in decision-making?

technology
  1. Bharti Rani
    Bharti Rani Begginer

    The ethical implications of artificial intelligence (AI) in decision-making are profound and multifaceted. One major concern is **bias and fairness**. AI systems can perpetuate or even exacerbate existing biases if trained on biased data, leading to unfair outcomes in areas like hiring, law enforcemRead more

    The ethical implications of artificial intelligence (AI) in decision-making are profound and multifaceted. One major concern is **bias and fairness**. AI systems can perpetuate or even exacerbate existing biases if trained on biased data, leading to unfair outcomes in areas like hiring, law enforcement, and lending.

    **Transparency and accountability** are also critical issues. AI decision-making processes can be opaque, making it difficult for users to understand how decisions are made and who is responsible for them. This lack of transparency can undermine trust and make it challenging to hold accountable those who deploy and develop AI systems.

    **Privacy** is another concern, as AI often relies on large datasets, including personal information, raising questions about data protection and consent. The use of AI in surveillance and data analysis can infringe on individual privacy rights.

    **Autonomy and control** are also at stake. Over-reliance on AI for critical decisions might erode human agency and decision-making capabilities, potentially leading to outcomes that do not align with ethical or societal values.

    Addressing these ethical concerns requires robust guidelines, transparency in AI development, and continuous monitoring to ensure that AI systems are used responsibly and fairly.

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