Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction Begin with a brief overview of digitization and its significance in land management. Mention India’s context and the historical challenges in land records. Example: “Access to reliable land records is crucial for economic growth and minimizing disputes. Digitization ...
Model Answer Introduction Export-led growth is a strategy that focuses on increasing a country's exports to boost its economic development. For India, aiming to become a developed nation by 2047, achieving sustained economic growth through this model is crucial. It is essential to understand the sigRead more
Model Answer
Introduction
Export-led growth is a strategy that focuses on increasing a country’s exports to boost its economic development. For India, aiming to become a developed nation by 2047, achieving sustained economic growth through this model is crucial. It is essential to understand the significance of export-led growth, the challenges it faces, and the opportunities it presents.
Significance of Export-Led Growth
One of the primary benefits of export-led growth is job creation. By expanding labor-intensive sectors like textiles and pharmaceuticals, India can generate millions of jobs, particularly for its young workforce. Moreover, focusing on exports helps in reducing the trade deficit and enhancing foreign exchange reserves, making the economy more resilient to external shocks.
Integrating into global value chains (GVCs) facilitates access to advanced technologies and best practices, improving productivity and innovation. This integration is vital for sectors aiming to compete globally. For instance, the expansion of manufacturing hubs in Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities can decentralize economic activity, promoting regional development and reducing disparities.
Key Challenges
Despite its significance, export-led growth faces several challenges. High logistics costs and outdated infrastructure hinder India’s competitiveness in the global market. The logistics cost-to-GDP ratio remains high compared to global benchmarks, which affects export efficiency. Additionally, India’s export basket is concentrated in a few sectors, making it vulnerable to economic fluctuations.
Weak integration into GVCs due to inadequate supply chain networks and low R&D investments further limits growth potential. Trade protectionism and rising tariffs pose significant risks, particularly in developed markets. Additionally, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) struggle to access affordable export financing, which restricts their ability to scale operations.
Opportunities
India has substantial opportunities to boost its export growth. Emerging sectors like renewable energy, electric vehicles, and high-value manufacturing present new avenues for expansion. Government initiatives, such as the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme and the PM Gati Shakti plan, aim to enhance infrastructure and incentivize manufacturing.
The global shift towards digital trade and e-commerce also opens doors for Indian manufacturers to reach international markets. Strengthening trade ties through agreements with countries like Australia and UAE can further enhance export capabilities.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the export-led growth model holds significant potential for transforming India’s economy. While challenges exist, strategic focus on emerging sectors, technological advancements, and government policies can help overcome these hurdles. By effectively leveraging opportunities, India can achieve sustainable economic growth and work towards its goal of becoming a $20 trillion economy by 2047.
See less
Model Answer Digitization of Land Records: Advantages and Challenges Introduction Access to land is crucial for economic growth and poverty reduction. Digitization of land records offers transformative benefits by improving transparency, reducing conflicts, and enhancing land utilization. However, iRead more
Model Answer
Digitization of Land Records: Advantages and Challenges
Introduction
Access to land is crucial for economic growth and poverty reduction. Digitization of land records offers transformative benefits by improving transparency, reducing conflicts, and enhancing land utilization. However, it faces several challenges that require comprehensive solutions.
Advantages of Digitization of Land Records
1. Reduction in Litigations and Court Burden
2. Enhanced Agricultural Credit
3. Infrastructure Development
4. Urbanization and Housing
5. Curtailing Benami Transactions
Challenges in Digitization of Land Records
1. Legal Framework and Historical Legacy
2. Lack of Unified Manpower
3. Poor Coordination Across Departments
4. Digital Divide
5. Resistance to Surveys and Compensation Issues
Conclusion
While digitization of land records is a commendable initiative that can unlock India’s developmental potential, its success depends on addressing legal, administrative, and infrastructural challenges. A holistic and technology-driven approach will ensure its effective implementation.
See less